Bean Geese and Ping pong bats

I don't know whether it is just luck or that spring has come to North Cornwall, but we are extremely fortunate in the two species new to me and quite unusual.

On Monday, 7th February, we decided to take one of our regular walks around Upper Tamar Lake.  We had heard that there were some rare Geese seen in the previous week. Although we had not expected them to still be around, we did look for them anomgst the large flock of Canada Geese on the fields bordering the western (Cornwall) side of the lake.

We were in luck!  Around 200 Canada Geese were grazing on the open field with three Tundra Bean Geese on the edge of the flock.  Even better, they were not too close to take flight nor too far to be photographed.

So, one species new to us - a major "tick" Anser serrirostris.

Two Tundra Bean Geese amongst Canada Geese

A resting Anser serrirostris.

Today, 10th February, was my day for Riverfly - surveying my local stream, the Tidna for freshwater invertebrates.  The stream is found in a deep Cornish wooded valley about 200 feet down a set of steps to the valley bottom.  

Once the survey is complete, it is a slow climb back up stopping occassionaly to catch my breath.  About halfway up I spotted a dead branch beside the steps with an interesting row of tiny orange fungi growing along it.  I stopped to examine them and was surprised to recognise a fungus previously seen on Lundy.

They were Orange Ping Pong bat fungi, an invasive species only recently found in the UK and spreading around Cornwall and Devon.

The cap is only around 7mm in diameter (the picture shows a ruler with 1mm divisions) but the underside is distinctive and diagnostic.

Although invasive, it is no threat to the flora of the UK in that they decay dead and dying timber only.

The rest and the find gave me a spring in my step and the remaining steps did not slow me at all.

What a find two rare species in one week!

Orange Ping Pong Bat fungus underside

Favolaschia calocera - 7mm cap

 

Butterflies and Ladybirds

For the first time this year, on the 15th June, I recorded butterflies on all ten sections of my butterfly transect.  This runs from Crosstown in Morwenstow down into the Tidna Valley to the Altantic then climbs the cliff before returning along a Cornish hedge to the start.

Last year it was 23rd June when I recorded butterflies on all sections. 

Despite seeing butterflies in each sector, the abundance was low with only 25 specimens but a good range of species; ten in all.  In 2020 I recorded 64 specimens again of 10 species.

Large Skipper and Meadown Brown made their first appearance this year but it was the guest appearance of the second brood of Speckled Woods in the wooded sections that made a 100% record possible.

Large Skipper

Meadow Brown

Speckled Wood

In contrast, there were over 100 newly emerged 7-spot Ladybirds.  All along the open section in the Tidna Valley, were some quite yellow ladybirds.  There were one or two larvae and pupae, but it appeared that there had been a mass emergence and they had not quite managed to achieve their normal red colour.

Newly-emerged 7-spot Ladybird

Blogs I follow

https://downgatebatman.blogspot.com/

https://maryatkinsonwildonline.blogspot.com/

In like a Lion, out like a Lamb

In March, the surveying season starts. And when it starts, it starts with a bang.

After weeks of inaction due to Covid restrictions, the second week of March has been filled with the resumption of surveys of all types.

First off was Sunday morning, 14th March, surveying Maer Lake for the BTO’s Wetland Birds Survey. There were a limited number of bird species, although there was an unprecedented mixed flock of over 300 gulls, as most of the winter waders had left although a pair of Shelduck remained giving hopes of another breeding year. Black-tailed Godwits were also noted; they seem to be residents now.

This was quickly followed the next day by a visit to Tamar Lakes, again WeBS at Lower and Upper Lakes. This was similar to Maer with few winter visitors although the annual Goosander visitation had not come to an end with four remaining on the Lower and two on the Upper Lake.

Mixed flock of Gulls at Maer Lake

The temperature was around 13℃ so high enough to commence the Bee walk in Coombe woods. Although not many were seen, we did find that where Willows were in flower, they had attracted quite a few Buff-tailed Bumblebee queens high up in the canopy.

Thursday 18th was the day we planned the quarterly bird transect around Bude Marshes. Normally this is a group effort, but to conform with Covid regulations, Duncan and I have been the only two participants for a year now. Numbers of species are definitely down; from 31 last March to only 24 this year although it did include Shelduck, Curlew and two Cattle Egret.

Cattle Egret - Bude Marshes

During the month, the invertebrates had begun to appear from their winter absence. Gorse Shieldbugs, 7-spot Ladybirds and Buff-tailed Bumble bees were appearing at the beginning of the month in that short warm spell.

We had the very cold and windy middle of the month, typical of March until the last week when we had the mini heatwave. Butterflies - Small Tortoiseshell and Brimstone, and those harbingers of spring, Skylarks and House Martins.

During this cold spell, I completed my three Riverfly surveys adding another beetle to my growing species list - Oreodytes sanmarkii, a tiny 2-3mm water beetle that zooms about in the water column of stony streams.

2-3mm Water Beetle - Oreodytes sanmarkii

The 30th was a very warm day, hitting 18℃ when I recommenced my Butterfly Transect along the Tidna. Although there were only four butterflies of three species - Speckled Wood, Peacock and Small Tortoiseshell, other invertebrates were recorded. Common Carder and Red-tailed joined the Buff-tailed Bumblebees along with more Gorse Shieldbugs and 7-spot Ladybirds.

Of great interest were the Oil Beetles. I recorded both Violet Meloe violaceus and Black M. proscarabaeus in the Tidna Valley as well as the triungulins of the Violet species. These are bee parasites. The adults lay eggs in sandy soil near a bee nest . These in turn hatch into triungulins (so called because they have three claws on each leg)which emerge and crawl onto flower heads and lie in wait for a passing bee. They hitch a ride into the bee’s nest where they eat the bee’s eggs before changing into grubs where they remain until emerging as adults the following year. The cycle then repeats.

Clockwise - Violet Oil beetle, triungulins, Black Oil beetle

On the last day of the month another butterfly, a Red Admiral was recorded along with the first Green Shieldbug of the year.

To top it all off, life has continued to develop in my Lockdown Pond. I built it during Lockdown1 from 8th April and filled it with water on the 16th. At the begining of March, I found a Palmate Newt under a log and transfered her into the pond where she vanished into the bottom mud.

Palmate Newt

 In the last few days of the month I have seen, a Backswimmer (Notonecta), Pond skaters (Gerridae), a Whirligig beetle (Gyrinus) and three Dragonfly nymphs. As I noted ovipositing Broad-Bodied Chasers last May, these would appear to be its progeny.

Broad-bodied Chaser nymph

Those last few days of March were gentle, warm and windless - almost as gentle as the large numbers of new-born lambs in the fields.

Blogs I follow

https://downgatebatman.blogspot.com/

https://maryatkinsonwildonline.blogspot.com/

Spring has sprung.

February thought it was March - we had a very cold snap when temperatures hovered around freezing here in North Cornwall.  Then there was a very cold easterly wind when eventually backed southerly and became warm, but just as strong, eye-wateringly strong.

My pond was frozen for almost a week but Water Boatman and Diving beetles survived the ice and could be seen foraging in the warm weather.

Then, Spring arrived.  In the last few days of February temperatures rose to double figures.

Wild and garden daffodils began to flower.  A large queen Buff-tailed Bumblebee disappeared into one of their trumpets.  Honey bees massed on my neighbours flowering Heather.

The first invertebrates had awakened from their winter sleep.

Gorse Shieldbug

After a couple of months of checking on local Gorse bushes, we saw our first Gorse Shieldbug on the 25th and every day since.  7-spot Ladybirds are about too whilst overhead, a Buzzard mewled and a Great-spotted Woodpecker drummed in a nearby copse.

7-spot Ladybird

Along the hedgerows, it seemed that every tall twig held, alternately, a Robin or a Dunnock each spaced about 100 metres apart and proclaiming his territory.

And on the 25th the first butterfly roused from hibernation; a Peacock and a Small Tortoiseshell on the 28th.

Spring has most definitely sprung.

Blogs I follow

https://downgatebatman.blogspot.com/

https://maryatkinsonwildonline.blogspot.com/

Signs of Spring?

Well officially, it has been the wettest January in 10 years.  I can confirm that from experience!  On the North Cornish coast, we rarely get snow and are too high above sea level to suffer from flooding.  But there certainly has been lots of rain.  Our streams are surging and high and the ditches are overflowing onto the roads.

When it is wet, we experience very low cloud which means we have to walk through a miasma of damp, drizzly all enveloping rain drops.

Despite all this, nature is beginning her regeneration.

New lambs

Mammals, such as deer and squirrels are becoming more obvious, out looking for mates and visible through the leafless branches.  We have new lambs gambolling in the fields. Birds too are becoming apparent with Nuthatch, Pheasant, Goldcrest appearing and a territorial Robin singing every 100 yards or so.

Invertebrates are beginning to appear too.  During late January I have recorded a Ruby Tiger Moth caterpillar trying to get run over on the road; it was safely returned to the verge.  

Garden Tiger Moth caterpillar

One sunny day there was a Queen German Wasp investigating Ivy and I have rescued two other species from the cold wet weather.  

Queen German Wasp

Queen German Wasp

I found a Common Earwig on our coal bunker and a 7-spot Ladybird on the house wall.  Both are now ensconced on my pop-up butterfly cage which is now serving as a hibernaculum for them and an overwintering chrysalis that I hope will prove to be a Red Admiral when it emerges.

Common Earwig and 7-spot Ladybird

Flowers are also pushing out of the verges, with buds and flowers showing.  Honeysuckle is in bud and in the last days of January a number of plants were in flower; Dandelion, Lesser Celandine, Barren Strawberry, Primrose, Snowdrop, Dog’s Mercury, Alexanders and Daffodils almost ready to pop.

Snowdrops

Honeysuckle buds

Dog's Merucry

Alexanders

There are certainly signs of Spring in North Cornwall

Blogs I follow

https://downgatebatman.blogspot.com/

https://maryatkinsonwildonline.blogspot.com/

The Dark Days of December?

 

As the end of the year fast approaches, the days become increasingly shorter.  There is less time, and less light, so I don’t expect to be able to see much of nature, especially flowers or invertebrates.

I began this blog on the 21st of December; the Winter Solstice which is the shortest day and longest night of the year. Literally, one bright phenomenon to look out for was the so-called Star of Bethlehem, the Great  Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn.  In the days leading up to this “once in 400 years” event, early evening cloud prevented it being visible.  We have an excellent dark sky view to our south and west from home but couldn’t beat the clouds.  That is, until the 22nd when the vision was apparent

The rain during these few days meant that even the view from our windows to the feeders was blurred and indistinct.

Saturn and Jupiter

Our daily walks were punctuated with rain, but even when it cleared, there was no much expectation of seeing anything of note.

The farmers had been using this quiet time to trim their hedges and verges, further reducing opportunities as vegetation and any insect population was trimmed back to woody branches.

Neatly trimmed hedgerows

The omni-present Red Campion was seen every day as well as its companion Herb Robert.  We were unprepared for an out of season Field Buttercup but not too surprised to see an early Primrose and a single Lesser Celandine right at the beginning of the month.  The vanilla/marzipan smell of the groups of Winter Heliotrope are a welcome Christmas flower.

Field Buttercup

Primrose

Winter Heliotrope

An advantage of trimmed hedges and verges, is that the hedge bottom is visible and in the gaps, can be seen the fields normally hidden by Cornish Hedges.

Fungi were found in the hedge bottoms but despite the wet damp weather, were not abundant.  Brackets and encrusting fungi could be see as well as a few Candlesnuff fungi (Xylaria hypoxylon) the rare, but spreading Perenniporia ochroleuca as well as Tawny Funnel - Lepista flaccida and my favourite, Cobalt Crust.

https://northcornwallnaturalist.blogspot.com/2020/11/blue-sky-experience.html

Tawny Funnel Cap

Perenniporia ochroleuca

Cobalt Crust

Invertebrates were very few, although any sunshine brought out masses of midges near the stream at Crosswater.  A late German Wasp was seen on Ivy, no doubt seeking a hibernacula.  One Green Shieldbug was also found on an Ivy leaf for three days in a row, before it either succumbed to predation or fell lower down the hedgerow.  We also had a couple of sightings of active 7-spot Ladybirds.

German Wasp

7-spot Ladybird

Green Shieldbug

The views through the hedgerow was welcome allowing us to see a Red Fox crossing a field and a Roe Deer busily eating amongst the Purple Moor Grass until it sensed us.  Two areas on our walk have quite a number of trees and here, on three or four occasions we were rewarded with sightings of Grey Squirrel.  We often see the hoofprints of deer on the paths that cut the hedges and cross the roads, but carrying the correct lens at the right time to get a photograph of a deer itself is more challenging.

Red Fox

Roe Deer

Deer slot

Another advantage was to be able to find abandoned bird nests.  We identified these as Tits, Blackbird and at least four Wrens’ nests.

A Wren's nest

Apart from the permanent presence of Gulls and Corvids, we were rewarded by the sighing of a small flock of Long-tailed Tits, a couple of Great Spotted Woodpeckers chasing each other and, at regular intervals along the walk, a singing Robin.

Back home, there are more invertebrates with Winter Moths regularly seeking out our lighted windows and a rain speckled 7-spot Ladybird rescued from the house wall and brought into the garage.

Winter Moth

The last sighting of the year on the 31st was of a Rabbit.  It's good to know that they are surviving Myxomatosis and VHD.

Blogs I follow

https://downgatebatman.blogspot.com/

https://maryatkinsonwildonline.blogspot.com/

Blue-sky experience

 At this time of year there is very little invertebrate activity to be found on our daily walks.  Even flies are becoming uncommon, although, the slighest warmth brings our midges to dance in the sun.

I can't stop looking for anything in the hedgerows.  So, yesterday we kept catching sight of the occassional troop of Common Funnel Mushrooms deep in the hedgerow leaf litter.   There were even a few examples of the encrutsing Stereum species wrapped around small twigs.

As it was a Sunday, and lockdown, we took advantage of the almost zero traffic and dallied on blind corners that we would usually pass swiftly, and safely, by.

On the dying branch of a small Ash tree in the hedgerow there was a hollow rotted out in which could be seen the unmistakeable stipes of Candle-snuff fungus.  A further rotting piece of the branch caught my eye with what looked like a dark bird dropping probably from eating blackberries.  The branch broke off when touched so I examined it further.  Turning it over I was delighted to see that it wasn't an exreted blackberry, but part of a dark blue Cobalt Crust (Terana caeruleum).   

Cobalt Crust - Terana caeruleum

This is an unusual fungi in North Cornwall and only the second example I have found.  Its colour is magnificent ranging from a deep cobalt blue shading into a sky-blue with an almost white edge.

A closer view

A fantastic find.

Blogs I follow

https://downgatebatman.blogspot.com/

https://maryatkinsonwildonline.blogspot.com/